PayCrunch Research · National BLS OEWS May 2025 pay, with the state table still to come

PayCrunch · Food service · SOC 35-2021

The prep cook who can finish the list before the line starts

$45,340national 90th percentile · middle $35,320 / yr
The list is the job

Food Preparation Workers in the United States earn a median of $35,320 a year. Pay starts near $25,810. The national 90th percentile is $45,340. This page does not publish a state top-of-range figure.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025 (Food Preparation Workers, SOC 35-2021). Employment 893,600. Last checked 22 September 2026. National percentiles via the BLS OEWS release as republished on O*NET OnLine wage tables.

Entry level · national 10th
$25,810
National 90th percentile
$45,340
O*NET job zone
Job zone 1–2
Lower disruption Higher exposure The list is the job
Entry · $25,810 National 90th · $45,340 Middle $35,320

Wages — U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, OEWS, May 2025 (Food Preparation Workers). Entry is the national 10th percentile. The top chip is the national 90th percentile, not a state. The middle half of workers earns $29,950 to $38,550. Hourly equivalents: $12.41, $16.98, and $21.80. O*NET places this occupation in Job Zone 1–2. The zone note says the work usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations in the zone may not. That is a zone description, not a counted survey percent and not a license. The marker on the exposure bar is PayCrunch editorial context, not a BLS statistic. Updated 22 September 2026.

Prepare cold food, slice, portion, brew, and set the line up so cooks are not waiting on a missing pan.

AI tools that fit Food Prep Worker work September 2026

A short list of general tools. This is not a sponsored placement, not a weekly crawl, and not a product review with prices. Use whatever your employer already allows.

ChatGPTSee the vendor

A general assistant for plain-language lists.

How this job uses it: Turn a pasted recipe card into station steps, then match every temperature and allergen line to the kitchen's own sheet.

Microsoft CopilotSee the vendor

AI inside Excel and the Microsoft 365 apps the office already runs.

How this job uses it: Summarize a week of prep counts from a sheet you paste, before you ask the chef for a par change.

Google GeminiSee the vendor

Google's assistant in Search and Workspace.

How this job uses it: Check a published food-safety definition only from a source you can name, not from a guess.

Food prep is the work before the ticket

Food preparation workers are SOC 35-2021. BLS counted 893,600 wage-and-salary workers in this occupation in May 2025. The locked chips are entry $25,810, median $35,320, and a national 90th percentile of $45,340. The fast-food-cook page is SOC 35-2011, median $30,890. The cafeteria-cook page is SOC 35-2012, median $37,450. The fast-food-worker page is counter work, SOC 35-3023, median $31,200. If a manager calls everyone in the kitchen a cook, the wage table does not.

The job is the list that has to be done before service. Slice the meat the card names. Portion the cold pan. Brew the coffee or tea the station uses. Wash and cut produce. Pull backup from the walk-in. Label the pan with the item and the time. Carry it to the line. None of that is a ticket in the window. The cook cannot fire an order the prep never finished, so the prep list is the first production schedule of the day.

A 2026 kitchen often shows that list on a tablet next to a paper binder. Toast, Square, or another kitchen display may already be on the hot line. Prep is still frequently a printed or shared sheet because the walk-in does not have a screen and the person slicing is wearing gloves. Use the sheet the chef posted. If the tablet and the paper disagree, stop and ask. Do not average them.

The pay band is tight because the task is tight

The middle half of this occupation earns $29,950 to $38,550. From the median $35,320 to the national 90th percentile $45,340 is $10,020 a year. That step is still prep. It is not a sous-chef title and it is not a state wage. This page does not invent a state median. A worker at the top of the national range is still measured by whether the pans are ready, labeled, and inside the temperatures the kitchen posted.

Hourly equivalents of the 10th, median, and 90th are $12.41, $16.98, and $21.80. Those are the BLS hourly percentiles, not a tip credit and not a guess that annual pay divided by 2,080 will match every paycheck. Overtime, a missed break, or a shift differential can move a paycheck without moving the occupation's national percentile.

O*NET's 2024–2034 outlook category for 35-2021.00 is decline, minus 1 percent or lower, with about 148,000 openings a year. Openings are mostly people leaving, not a growing headcount. Decline is not a closed kitchen. It does mean a prep role is a poor place to invent a story about automatic raises. The raise you can defend is the one tied to a station you can run without a reminder: cold pans done, labels out, backups staged, log filled with readings you actually took.

A Tuesday that stays inside the card

Clock in and read the board before you touch a knife. The board should say which station you own and which items are 86'd. If your name is on salads and the hotel pan of dressing is the one that ran out yesterday, that pan is first, not the garnish you enjoy cutting. Open the walk-in and pull only what the list names. A prep cook who "gets ahead" on an item that is not on the list has used a pan, a label, and a shelf the line needed for something else.

Weigh or count to the unit on the card. A cup is not a pound. A "handful" is not a portion. If the card says four ounces, use the scale the kitchen trusts and write four ounces on the label only if that is what the scale showed. When the scale and the card cannot be reconciled because the scale is broken, stop and tell a lead. Do not switch to a guess and label it as the card's portion.

Temperatures belong to the chart on the wall, not to a model. Take the reading the chart names, at the time the chart names, and write the number you saw. A Bluetooth probe that logs to an app is useful when the kitchen already pays for it and the log is the one the health inspector will be shown. If the app and the paper disagree, the reading you just took wins, and you fix the app. Do not let a chat tool propose a limit. Paste the chart into the tool if you want a list of which readings are outside it, and delete any limit the tool adds.

Allergens travel on the ticket as a code or a short note the restaurant defined. Your job is to use the pan, board, and gloves that note requires. Do not expand a "nut" flag into a medical history, and do not paste a guest's name into a chatbot to "make the note nicer." The note is already the instruction. If the ticket and the allergy board disagree, stop the plate. A faster prep that mixes the flagged pan into the regular pan is the expensive kind of fast.

What changes at the top of this national range

The person near the national 90th percentile is usually the one a chef stops checking. That is a habit, not a promise of $45,340. The habit looks like this. The list is done in the order service will feel the shortage, not in the order that is pleasant. Labels face out. Backup pans sit where a cook can swap them without leaving the board. The log is filled before the rush, not reconstructed after. Waste is written as a count of a named item, not as "we threw some stuff out."

Pars move only from counts. If the forecast sheet says eighty covers and last Tuesday's leftover log says the slaw pan came back half full, you can show both numbers to the chef and ask whether the par drops. You do not drop it yourself because a chatbot said restaurants overproduce. Copilot or a spreadsheet can total a week of those leftover counts if you paste the sheet. It cannot see the walk-in. You still open the door.

Tools that belong in this work in 2026 are ordinary. A shared sheet for pars. A probe the kitchen calibrates. A kitchen display on the hot line that you do not reprogram. A general assistant used to turn a recipe card you pasted into steps, after you put the temperatures back to the card. ServSafe or the local food-code summary your employer trains on is the reference for definitions. A search box is not a health department.

Keep a private note of three things for a month: items that ran out, items that were thrown out, and labels a cook could not read. That note is the conversation about a higher station or a lead role. It is not a demand for the 90th percentile. The food-service-supervisor page, SOC 35-1012, median $44,080, is the nearby supervisory occupation. The line-cook page is restaurant cooks, SOC 35-2014, median $37,390. Those are different jobs. Prep experience helps you apply. It does not retitle this SOC.

A week you can repeat

Monday, copy the prep list into the order you will actually walk: items that block the line, then items with a short hold, then garnish. Tuesday, calibrate or check the scale before the first portion and write the check on the log the kitchen uses. Wednesday, compare one leftover pan to the par and bring the two numbers, not a speech. Thursday, rewrite one messy card into steps only if the chef wants the card rewritten, and keep every number from the original. Friday, stage backups before the first ticket, labels out. Saturday, if you work it, protect the same order when the building is loud. Sunday, or your day off, do not "practice" by inventing recipes in a chatbot and bringing them in as the new standard. The standard is the card.

The failure mode is confidence without the sheet. A prep worker who has done the station for a year starts skipping the card, then skips the label, then tells a new hire the portion from memory. Memory is how the pan drifts. The national median does not pay you to be the memory of the kitchen. It pays you to make the card visible in the pans. If a sentence on this page ever disagrees with the three wage chips, the chips win.

Locked wage chips on this page: entry $25,810, median $35,320, national 90th percentile $45,340. SOC 35-2021. Employment 893,600. If a sentence disagrees with those three wage figures, the figures win.

How to do the work that sits inside this pay band

These steps stay inside the published national range. They are not a promise that you will be paid the 90th percentile.

1
Portion what the card already says

A pan you invented is not a prep item.

1
Read the portion and the unit on the card.
2
Weigh or count to that unit.
3
Label the pan with the item and the time you finished.
Prompt
Rewrite this prep card as steps. Do not change the portion or the temperature I pasted.
What changesThe line starts with the pans the card named.
2
Log the temperature the chart asks for

A blank log is a guess.

1
Find the item on the posted chart.
2
Record the reading and the time.
3
Tell a lead when the reading is outside the chart.
Prompt
List which of these readings are outside the chart I paste. Do not invent a limit.
What changesThe log matches the chart.
3
Set the station the line will actually use

A pretty station that hides the backup pan slows the ticket.

1
Put the first pan where the cook reaches.
2
Put the backup where you can swap it.
3
Leave the label facing out.
Prompt
Order this station list for a right-handed sauté reach. Do not add an item I did not paste.
What changesThe cook is not hunting during the rush.

Careers related to Food Prep Worker

Similar pay, same field

Where this can lead

Wages in this list are the national medians printed on those pages. Every new page in this batch uses BLS OEWS May 2025. The step from this median to the national 90th percentile is $10,020.

Never used AI before? Start here (2 minutes).

Paste only facts you already have: a count, a time, a step, a file name. If the draft adds a number, a policy, or a product you did not provide, delete it.

Do not paste guest names, full allergy medical histories, or card numbers. A ticket code and a posted temperature chart are enough.

Gear for this job

TODO: PC_GEAR is not filled in this batch. No product links and no ASINs until a reviewed list exists. Do not invent ASINs.

What Food Prep Workers earn by state

TODO: state-wage table is not filled in this batch. The chips above are national OEWS May 2025 percentiles only. State medians are not estimated here.

Questions
How much does a food prep worker make?
The national median is $35,320 a year ($16.98 an hour). The 10th percentile is $25,810. The national 90th percentile is $45,340. Source: BLS OEWS May 2025, SOC 35-2021.
Is a fast-food cook this job?
No. Cooks, Fast Food are SOC 35-2011, national median $30,890. This page is SOC 35-2021 only.
Why is there no state table?
State medians are a TODO on this page. The figures above are national percentiles only.

Sources

  • Salary (10th, 25th, median, 75th, 90th) — national BLS OEWS May 2025.
  • Employment — national OEWS May 2025 wage-and-salary employment, 893,600.
  • Outlook — O*NET reports projected growth for 2024–2034 as decline (-1 percent or lower). Projected openings: about 148,000 a year. O*NET code 35-2021.00. Openings are a projection, not the OEWS employment count.
  • Not on this page — state wages, metro wages, and product recommendations.

Check another occupation

These pages are the next high-employment OEWS lines that were missing as their own salary URLs.